第12週 P.66 [ 4-2 ] 1 - 2&3

This process has had two important effects on the evolution and location of life on the earth. First, the location of continents and oceanic basins greatly influence the earth's climate and thus help determine where plants and animals can live. Second, the movement of continents has allowed species to move, adapt to new environments, and form new species through natural selection.

　　　這個過程(上一段所提到的板塊運動)有兩個很重要的因素
　在引響地球上生物的演化及位置。第一個是因為陸地跟海洋的
　位置引響了地球的氣候，因此幫助生物決定他們可以生存的地
　點；第二個則是因為陸地的移動使物種也隨之移動，並使物種
　適應新的環境，進而透過天擇形成新的物種。




Earthquakes can also affect biological evolution by separating and isolating populations of species. Over long periods of time, this can lead to the formation of new species in response to new environmental conditions. Volcanic eruptions affect biological evolution by destroying habitats and reducing or wiping out populations of species.